Patient information leaflets ....

Echogenic Bowel in Pregnancy: What It Means & What to Expect 🤰🩺 What is Echogenic Bowel? Echogenic bowel is seen in less than 1% of pregnancies. In over 90% of cases, it is a variation of normal and often resolves during pregnancy. In many cases, the exact cause remains unknown. https://youtu.be/vdvDonnEL3I Possible Causes of Echogenic Bowel Some known causes include: Swallowed blood : If the baby has swallowed blood due to bleeding in the womb. Cystic fibrosis (CF) : A genetic condition that affects the lungs and digestive system after birth. Infections : Certain infections, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) , can cross the placenta. Genetic conditions : Including Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities. Bowel damage : Twists in the bowel or reduced blood supply can lead to echogenicity. Placental blood flow issues : Reduced blood flow to the placenta may lead to growth restriction in the baby. Further Management & Next Steps The next steps will de...

  What happens if your baby is measuring large for dates?  NHS Patient Information Leaflet Large for Gestational Age (LGA) What is a Large for Gestational Age (LGA) Baby? 🔹  Definition: Babies weighing  >4.5 kg (9 lbs 14.5 oz)  at birth. Defined as babies larger than  90th or 97th percentile  on growth charts. 🔹  Individualized Growth Chart: Created during your  12-week scan appointment , based on your height, weight, previous pregnancies, and ethnicity. 🔹  Prevalence: About  5–8 out of 100 babies  are identified as LGA. Why Does it Matter if My Baby is LGA? ✅  Most large babies are healthy. ✅  90% of women  with LGA babies can have a vaginal birth. ⚠️ However, risks increase when: Birthweight exceeds  4.5 kg . Baby measures >97th percentile for gestational age on the growth chart. What Causes a Baby to Be LGA? 🍭  Diabetes: Pre-existing or gestational diabetes (GDM). 🤰  History of LGA Ba...

  Shoulder Dystocia  Who is this information for? 🤔 This information is for you if you wish to know about shoulder dystocia. You may also find it helpful if the birth of your baby was complicated by shoulder dystocia. It may be helpful if you are a partner, relative, or friend of someone who has been in this situation. source is RCOG  What is shoulder dystocia? 🏥 Shoulder dystocia is when the baby’s head has been born but one of the shoulders becomes stuck behind the mother’s pubic bone, delaying the birth of the baby’s body (see figure below). If this happens, extra help is usually needed to release the baby’s shoulder. In the majority of cases, the baby will be born promptly and safely. 👶 How common is shoulder dystocia? 📊 Shoulder dystocia occurs in about one in 150 (0.7%) vaginal births. Can shoulder dystocia be predicted? 🔎 Shoulder dystocia usually occurs unexpectedly during childbirth, and most of the time, it is not possible to predict when it will happen. Ho...